Endocrine Glands Diseases :
Endocrine glands diseases encompass a range of disorders affecting the glands of the endocrine system, which produce and secrete hormones regulating various bodily functions. These glands include the thyroid, pancreas, adrenal glands, pituitary gland, and others. Dysfunction within these glands can lead to hormonal imbalances, disrupting processes such as metabolism, growth and development, reproduction, and stress response. Common endocrine disorders include diabetes mellitus, thyroid disorders (such as hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism), adrenal insufficiency, and disorders of the pituitary gland. These conditions can manifest with a diverse array of symptoms, including fatigue, weight changes, mood disturbances, and disturbances in menstrual cycles or sexual function.
1. Congenital anomalies :
2. Acquired diseases :
a. Inflammatory Diseases :
1. infectious :
2. non-infectious :
b. Tumors of the system :
1. benign tumor :
2. malignant tumor :
a. primary :
b, secondary :
c. Other diseases :
The prevalence of endocrine gland diseases varies depending on the specific disorder and geographical region. However, collectively, they represent a significant health burden globally. For instance, diabetes mellitus, characterized by elevated blood sugar levels, affects millions worldwide and is a major contributor to cardiovascular disease, kidney failure, and blindness. Thyroid disorders, affecting the production of thyroid hormones, are also prevalent, with hypothyroidism being particularly common, especially among women and older adults. Adrenal disorders, such as Addison's disease or Cushing's syndrome, though relatively rare, can have profound effects on health and quality of life. Understanding these conditions' prevalence and impact underscores the importance of early detection, proper management, and ongoing research to improve outcomes and quality of life for individuals affected by endocrine gland diseases.