Renal Disorders :
Renal disorders encompass a range of conditions that affect the kidneys, vital organs responsible for filtering waste products from the blood, regulating fluid balance, and producing hormones essential for blood pressure regulation and red blood cell production. These disorders include chronic kidney disease (CKD), kidney stones, urinary tract infections (UTIs), and various forms of glomerulonephritis. CKD, in particular, is a prevalent renal disorder characterized by progressive loss of kidney function over time. Common risk factors for renal disorders include hypertension, diabetes, obesity, smoking, and a family history of kidney disease. Additionally, factors such as aging, certain medications, and exposure to environmental toxins can contribute to the development of renal disorders.
1. Congenital anomalies :
2. Acquired diseases :
a. Inflammatory Diseases :
1. infectious :
2. non-infectious :
b. Tumors of the system :
1. benign tumor :
2. malignant tumor :
a. primary :
b, secondary :
c. Other diseases :
Globally, renal disorders pose a significant public health challenge, with millions of individuals affected by kidney-related conditions. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the prevalence of CKD is steadily increasing, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Moreover, renal disorders are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality, contributing to the global burden of non-communicable diseases. Addressing the prevalence of renal disorders requires a multifaceted approach, including promoting healthy lifestyle habits, early detection through regular screenings, managing underlying risk factors, and ensuring access to quality healthcare services for effective management and prevention of complications.